Part I. Cinema was born in Paris in 1895 when the brothers Augusto and Louis Lumiere presented their invention of “cinema” in the hall of a fashionable cafe, which was often visited by Parisian high society. This invention completes a series of experiments aimed at reproducing motion using the invention of photography by the scientist Joseph Nieps in 1826.
The first films of the Lumiere brothers lasted about a minute and reflected various aspects of Reality: panoramas, the arrival of a train to the station, Mother who feeds her child. From the first years of its invention, the cinema has become the main attraction of fairs and street shows. Actual topics are presented, distant and exotic places and fictional situations that arouse the interest of the audience. To overcome the lack of sound that was not invented, the films were accompanied by signatures showing dialogues between characters and narrated situations. A host named “Barker” read and commented on the signatures so that viewers understand images that are sometimes accompanied by music performed by small orchestras or solo musicians.
Cinema was born as a union of small frames, each of which represents an action, and they all form a “film”. In 1900, cinema developed, and films became more complex, for example, the work of American director David Griffith. In 1900, the cinema became a real cinema in the United States. an industry in Hollywood made up of technicians, artists, actors and producers who made Los Angeles the capital of cinema.
Great comedian actors from the theater, such as Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton, have established themselves. Cinema of the 30s Since the 1930s, Hollywood cinema has been approved throughout the Western world, which in 1927 invented sound cinema and which structures the “Studio system”, that is, an organizational model that is as rigid as any other film production sector : script; shooting; installation; reproduction; management in cinemas.
As you can see, the implementation of each cinematic work took place according to the standard scheme, which allowed us to simplify and speed up the production of the film. This system still regulates the production and distribution of films. Stories joined this cheapness of the product because of the strong grip of the audience and the exploitation of the images of famous actors who came from the theater, this system was called the “Star System”, which was rich in artistic inventions, which were often rejected by Hollywood film productions because they did not comply with commercial rules .
Italian cinema of the 1930s and after the war Films of Italian cinema of the 1930s were shot almost completely with scenes reconstructed at the film studio, with the help of specialized technicians and with the participation of professional theater actors. Starting in 1945 after the end of the 2nd day, Italian cinema has one of the most important periods. After the events connected with the 2nd World War, anti-fascist resistance, the fall of fascism, Italian cinema is an opportunity to look at reality with free eyes. The most famous directors of the time: Roberto Rossellini Vittorio De Sica Lucino Visconti Giuseppe De Santis.
Everyone comes from different cultures. Rossellini, in fact, was a film director of the 30s, De Sica was a theater actor, Visconti was a theater director, and De Santis was a critic of art in theater and cinema. All these directors had as their common goal the desire to present real life in detail through the movies, and therefore they are defined as “directors of neorealism.” They refuse a false reconstruction of the film, which succeeded in the 30s, preferring to walk the streets and shoot outdoors, with fewer technical specialists and unprofessional actors, but often ordinary people.
Movie production history. Part II.1968 was a very important year in the Western world (Europe and South America), characterized by cultural protest movements of the most disadvantaged social strata (industrial workers and peasants), carried out primarily by students from both high schools and universities, which accepted the name.
Young people of that period challenged, even in a cruel way, political classes in government and a system that respects the evolution of the customs and ideas of the whole society, cinema of the 70s becomes an expression of these new cultural movements and many filmmakers. Traditional cinema is in dispute because it is far from reality and offers a lighter movie theater in production, at a cost and close to the ideas of an often autobiographical director. The greatest filmmakers in France.